If the “which” right after the comma denotes rote memorization, then the answer is obviously “antithetical” but if the “which” in this case denotes critical thinking ability - then we could have an entirely different answer [though in this case all other options support this thought- so luckily we can conclude that this assumption must be wrong]
So taking this question as an example, can we generalize that the pronoun following the comma will always denote the immediate preceding neighbor ? i.e. in this case it will always denote rote memorization and never critical thinking abilities ?