I ignored the 2nd option because “to disturb the orbit” as stated in last line doesn’t necessarily mean to change the shape of it.
Any thoughts?
The passage states that comets were gravitationally flung into their present-day elliptical orbits when they ventured too close to planets. This suggests that the shape of an object’s orbit can change due to gravitational interactions with other objects. In this case, the comets’ orbits changed from circular to elliptical.
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got it…Thanks