Can explain why answer is A??
The sentence can be simplified as -
The impact of population is important to understanding history, so any historical writing that doesn’t take into notice (cognizance) of ________ facts is _______ defective.
The first and second half of the sentence are supporting ideas since there is a comma .
Blank one should be a synonym for “population” since the first part of the sentence says that population is “key”, and the sentence ends with “flawed” implying something important had no cognizance in the writing.
The 2nd blank would be something along the lines of “basically” because if they ignore something important, it’s basically flawed or defective.
Considering the options for the first blank, A is most fitting. We have no evidence of the “ecological”, “cultural”, “psychological” and “political” character of the population.
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