Refer Q 17.
The answer is A, but i chose E , because of this line in the passage which i quote “Rather, they are dark because of interstellar dust that hides the stars behind it” . So as a consequence stars will be obscured by it. So i thought “dust is visible” is basically a kind of restatement of “stars getting obscured”. Why is that wrong?
Option A is same as your explanation that stars are obscured by it. Whereas option E states that dust is visible but in passage it never mentions that it is visible. And moreover, this is a factual question: answer direcly present in passage. First three lines give the perceptual affecr of dust.
I think perhaps it’s in the “dark” part. If it is dark, then you will be seeing neither the dust nor the stars. Additionally, “conspicuously” indicates that the dust is visible and pulling attention - which is not the passage says.
I ignored option A because it says on “Earth”. Which is never stated in the passage , so I had only E to choose 
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But we are humans and the academic who wrote this passage is on Earth. The GRE is trying to trick you, but they are not this malicious!
haha , i also got confused because this being a space passage, earth kinda seemed tricky to me 