Use of "by" in maths strategy

I saw a question in which Greg said by looking at the phrase “by changing his stance”. Can anyone please help me as I have forgotten the use of this particular word to apply the maths strategy?

I think it would be a support. “by” in this sentence has a similar meaning to “through…”.

An example sentence would be:
He managed to reduce hostility [by (=)] changing his stance whenever it suited him

The right-hand side continues the idea before it by explaining the method by which he achieved what is on the left-hand side.